What is a bone marrow biopsy? It is the extraction of a segment of bone and tissue usually taken from the hip area (alternatively from the breast bone area) along with an aspiration of the fluid within the bone.
In most situations, the area at which the biopsy will be performed is numbed, a small incision is made in the skin, and numbing medication is inserted into the body gradually numbing deeper with each new needle insertion.
Once numb, a tool is inserted into the incision and worked downward toward the bone, and then screwed into the bone into the marrow. A biopsy of the bone and marrow are extracted, and an aspiration of the marrow liquid is taken.
No stitches are needed, but a bandage is placed over the incision which must remain there for 24 hours. Until the incision is healed, the patient may not sit in water (includes baths, pools, lakes, etc.).
Afterwards, the patient may feel discomfort with the biopsy area, but no other effects are common.
In situations in which a donor is donating bone marrow, the donor is placed under general anesthia before the procedure begins. Commonly, three incisions are made on each side of the hip, each incision about 2 cm. A sufficient number of bone marrow biopsies are then performed through the tiny incisions, and in most cases the bone marrow (blood stem cells) are immediately fed into the recipient's body.
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